梯形聚硅氧烷液晶的研究

Ladderlike Polysiloxane Liquid Crystals

梯形聚硅氧烷液晶具有独特的稳定性、透明性及成膜性等优点,是一种性能优异的新型功能材料。本文综述了梯形聚硅氧烷液晶近年来的发展现状。介绍了梯形聚硅氧烷液晶的结构特点,根据液晶基元接枝到梯形高分子主链上的方式,将梯形聚硅氧烷液晶分为鱼骨形和划艇形两种。总结了挂接不同侧基的梯形聚硅氧烷(包括梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷、梯形聚甲基倍半硅氧烷、梯形聚氢基倍半硅氧烷、梯形聚乙烯基倍半硅氧烷等)的合成路线。介绍了几种液晶基元不同的梯形聚硅氧烷液晶的合成方法。最后提出几个梯形聚硅氧烷液晶研究工作面临的问题,并对梯形聚硅氧烷液晶的发展前景作了展望。

The ladderlike polysiloxane liquid crystals are novel functional materials with many excellent and special properties, such as stability, transparency and film forming characteristic. So the ladderlike polysiloxane liquid crystals can be used as skeleton materials of polymer network liquid crystals, liquid crystal alignment films of optical recording material and so on. In this paper, the main advances in the research of the ladderlike polysiloxane liquid crystals in recent years are reviewed. The structural characteristics are particularly introduced. Then according to the different ways of mesogenic units connecting to the ladderlike main-chain, the ladderlike polysiloxane liquid crystals are classified into fishbonelike and canoelike polysiloxane liquid c groups, including ladderlike polyphenylsiloxane, rystals. The synthesis of ladderlike polysiloxanes with different sideladderlike polymethylsiloxane, ladderlike polyhydrosiloxane, ladderlike polyvinylsiloxane etc, is summarized. Then the synthesis of ladderlike polysiloxane liquid crystals with different mesogenic units is introduced. At last, the difficulties of research on ladderlike polysiloxane are mentioned, and the development prospect is looked forward.