语言测试对语言教学的反拨作用

Washback effects of testing on language teaching and learning

测试对教学具有反拨作用,正面作用可促进学生刻苦学习和老师改进教学工作;负面作用容易引起教与学的目的偏向。应提高测试的积极反拨作用,降低它的消极作用。测试应明确目的性,以正确的理论作指导,采取直接测试与间接测试相结合的方法,尽量减少客观试题,加大主观性试题。

Language testing exerts washback effects on Language teaching and learning. The positive effects can help students study dihgently and teachers improve their work effectively, while the negative effects may lead the learning and teaching to the wrong direction. So we should heighten its positive effects and reduce its negative effects in practice. To enhance the positive washback effects of testing, we should be clear about the purpose of testing, adopt appropriate theory, use direct and indirect testing methods together and reduce the objective test items and enlarge the subjective items.