果实色素含量与水溶、脂溶性抗氧化活性的相关性(英文)

Pigment contents and their relationship with hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant capacities in seven fruit species

色泽和保健作用是果实的2个重要特征。以杨梅(Myrica rubra)、草莓(Fragaria ananassa)、枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica)、桃(Prunus persica)、猕猴桃(Actinidia deliciosa)、椪柑(Citrus reticulata)、脐橙(Citrus sinensis)等果实为材料,研究了不同颜色果实中色素含量与水溶、脂溶性抗氧化活性的相关性。结果表明,深红色荸荠杨梅中的总酚(3254.7mg/kg)和花青苷(759.4mg/kg)的含量很高,而红色果肉洛阳青枇杷中类胡萝卜素(19551.3μg/kg)含量较高。叶绿素仅在猕猴桃果实中被检测到。利用PSC法研究果实总抗氧化活性(含水溶和脂溶)。结果表明,深红色荸荠杨梅果实提取物的总抗氧化活性(31.14μmol TE/g)最高,白色果肉的大玉白凤桃提取物的总抗氧化活性(10.34μmol TE/g)最低。相关性分析结果表明,水溶性抗氧化活性与酚类(R2=0.84)含量呈显著正相关关系,而脂溶性抗氧化活性与类胡萝卜素含量(R2=0.92)都呈显著正相关关系。维生素C是果实中众所周知的水溶性抗氧化物质,然而,研究发现水溶性抗氧化活性与维生素C的含量相关性不显著。含花青苷较丰富的深红色果肉水果和含类胡萝卜素丰富的红色果肉水果都是天然抗氧化物质的良好来源。

Both color and health promoting properties are desirable characters of fruits. Seven fruit species and their cultivars with distinctive colors （white, green, orange, red and dark red） were used to evaluate their pigment contents as well as their hydrophilic antioxidant capacity （HAC） and lipophilic antioxidant capacity （LAC） in the present study. Significantly higher levels of anthoeyanins （759.4 mg/kg）, and phenolics （3 254.7 mg/kg） were found in a dark red-fleshed cultivar of Chinese bayberry than the other fruits, whereas the highest total carotenoid content （19 551.3 μg/kg） was found in a red-fleshed loquat cultivar. Chlorophylls were only detected in kiwifruit. Total antioxidant capacity （TAC） （HAC ＋LAC）, measured by peroxyl radical scavenging capacity （PSC）, was the highest （31.14 mmol TE/kg） in the dark red-fleshed Chinese bayberry and the lowest （10.34 mmol TE/kg） in a white-fleshed peach. HAC was significantly correlated with the contents of anthocyanin （R^2 = 0.97） and total phenolics （R^2 = 0.84）, while LAC was only correlated with carotenoid content （R^2 = 0.92）. Content of vitamin C, the well-known water soluble antioxidant, was found to have a poor correlation with HAC values. Such results indicate that both dark red-fleshed fruit species with high anthocyanin contents and orange-fleshed fruit species with high carotenoid content are good sources of natural antioxidants.