核桃花粉离体萌发的培养基研究

Study on culture medium for walnut pollen germination in vitro

以6a生云新早实核桃的新鲜花粉为试材,采用花粉离体培养法,研究了不同的培养基组分以及温度对核桃花粉萌发的影响。结果表明:1)在单因子试验中,蔗糖、H3BO3和CaCl2在一定质量浓度范围内,对核桃花粉萌发及花粉管生长起促进作用,但超过一定质量浓度时则起抑制作用;而氮、镁和钾对核桃花粉萌发不显著。2)在正交试验中,蔗糖、H3BO3和CaCl2对核桃花粉萌发有极显著的影响,核桃花粉最适的培养基为100g/L蔗糖+10mg/LH3BO3+40mg/LCaCl2,花粉的萌发率可以达到45.24%。3)核桃花粉离体培养的最适温度为25℃,培养温度过高或过低都会抑制核桃花粉的萌发和花粉管生长。

The fresh pollens of Yunxin walnut cuhivar were used to study the effects of culture medium composition and temperature by in vitro culture. The results showed that in single factorial experiments, sucrose, boric acid and CaCl2 could stimulate pollen germination and tube growth, but this function was reversed if overrun certain concentration. Moreover, the effects of nitrogen, magnesium and potassium were unapparent. In orthogonal design experiment, the effects of sucrose, boric acid and CaCl2 were extremely remarkable, the optimal culture medium was 100 g/L sucrose ＋ 10 mg/L boric acid ＋ 40 mg/L CaCl2, in which the rate of pollen germination was up to 45.24%. The optimal temperature for pollen germination and tube growth was 25℃.