异养硝化作用的主要特点及其研究动向

Characteristic and Prospects of Heterotrophic Nitrification

废水生物脱氮是目前水处理领域中关注和研究的热点,在对自养硝化作用研究的同时,对异养硝化作用及其菌属的研究已成为环境废水生物脱氮领域的热点问题,同时对新型异养硝化作用的研究是对传统硝化理论的丰富与突破.在综述大量文献及已有实验研究工作的基础上,对异养硝化作用的主要特点(硝化作用主体、生长条件、硝化途径、作用酶系统以及分离方法等),以及目前国内外研究现状进行了系统介绍,并对异养硝化作用的研究方向进行了展望.

Nitrification is a key step in the global nitrogen cycle. Classically, nitrifying bacteria are chemoautotroph. Recently, bacteria that have the ability of heterotrophic nitrification have been intensively studied as potential microorganisms that may be used to overcome problems inherent in the conventional method. This review gives a broad overview of the current status of heterotrophic nitrification including the heterotrophie species which nitrify actively, optimal condition for nitrification, heterotrophic nitrification pathway, enzymatic system and isolation methods. Also, the promising prospects of heterotrophic nitrification are especially introduced.