野芥菜向抗除草剂转基因油菜基因流动的研究

Gene flow from wild Brassica juncea(B.juncea var.gracilis) to transgenic herbicide-resistant oilseed rape(B.napus)

采用人工授粉的方法,分别以转基因抗草丁膦和抗草甘膦油菜为母本,野芥菜为父本,研究野芥菜的基因流动到转基因油菜中的可能性。结果表明,野芥菜和抗草丁膦及抗草甘膦油菜的亲和性指数明显低于其自交授粉的亲和性指数,只有0.44和0.54。经除草剂筛选和PCR检测证明,所有F1都携带了相应的抗性基因并表现出对相应除草剂的抗性。对F1的适合度研究表明,两种F1种子萌发率及营养生长情况和野芥菜没有明显差异,但结实明显下降,携带抗草丁膦基因的F1和携带抗草甘膦基因的F1每个角果饱满种子粒数分别是0.50和0.61。分别以两种F1为母本,野芥菜为父本进行回交,结实仍然很低,携带抗草丁膦基因的F1和携带抗草甘膦基因的F1与野芥菜回交每个角果饱满种子粒数分别只有0.35和0.33。上述结果表明,野芥菜基因流动到两种抗性油菜的可能性均比较小。

The possibilities of gene flow from wild Brassica juncea to transgenic glufosinate-and glyphosate-resistant gene oilseed rapes （B.napus） were studied by hand-pollination.The results demonstrated that the indexes of sexual compatibility of glufosinate-tolerant oilseed×wild B.juncea and glyphosate-tolerant oilseed×wild B.juncea were 0.44 and 0.54 respectively,which were significantly lower than that of self-pollination of wild B.juncea.All F1 contained herbicide-resistant gene and exhibited significant resistance to corresponding herbicide by herbicide selection and PCR test.The results on the fitness of F1 showed that both of those two kinds of F1 had good germination and growth rate,which was not significantly different from that of wild B.juncea.However the seed setting of F1 with glufosinate-resistant gene and glyphosate-resistant gene were only 0.50 and 0.61 per silique,which decreased significantly compared to that of self-pollination of wild B.juncea.The seed setting by backcross were even lower,only 0.35 and 0.33 per silique respectively,when using F1 with glufosinate-resistant gene and glyphosate-resistant gene as maternal plants and wild B.juncea as parental plant.The above results indicated that the possibilities of gene flow from wild B.juncea to two herbicide-resistant transgenic oilseed rapes may be low.