20世纪的西方反精神病学运动

The Western Anti-psychiatric Movement in the 20th Century

反精神病学运动是西方历史上一个重要的文化事件。文章分析了存在于精神病学行业内外的反精神病学运动兴起的原因,回顾了反精神病学运动在发展过程中与西方反文化运动的相互关联,并且通过对几位反文化领袖观点的评述,展示了这场运动对于精神病人形象的塑造。最后,还介绍了作为反精神病学运动的结果和延续的消费主义者运动。

The anti-psychiatry movement is an important cultural event in the western history. This paper discusses the inducements from psychiatry and out of psychiatry that caused such a movement. Based on that, the paper also explores the interaction between anti-psychiatry movement and anti-cultural movement. By reviewing the viewpoints of some of the leaders of the anti-cultural move- ment, it shows how this movement constructed the image of the insane at that time. Finally, it reviews the movement of consumerism, which is regarded as the result and the continuance of the anti-psychiatry movement.