2Aida, Y. Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope's construct of foreign language anxiety: The case of students of Japanese. [J]. Modem Language Journal 78:155 - 168. 1994 .
3Alpert, R, & Haber, R N. Anxiety in academic achievement situations. [ J]. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 61 : 207 - 215. 1960.
4Bailey, K M. Competitiveness and anxiety in adult second language learning: Looking at and through the diary studies. [ A] In H W Seliger & M H Long (Eds.), Classroom oriented research in second language acquisition. [C].(p. 67 - 103) Rowley,MA: Newbury House. 1983.
5Clement, R. Second language proficiency and acculturation: An investigation of the effects of language status and individual characteristics. [J]. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 5:271 - 290. 1987.
6Clement, R, Gardner, R C, & Smythe, P C. Motivational variables in second language acquisition: A study of francophones learning English. [J]. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science 9: 123-133. 1977.
7Clement, R, Gardner, R C, & Smythe, P C. Social and individual factors in second language acquisition. [J]. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science 12:293 - 302. 1980.
8Gardner, R C, Smythe, P C, Clement, R. Intensive second language study in a bicultural milieu: An investigation of attitudes, motivation and language proficiency. Language Learning 29: 305- 320. 1979.
9Horwitz, E. K. The beliefs about language learning of beginning university foreign language students. [J]. Modem Lartguage Journal 72: 283-294. 1988.
10Horwitz, E K. Language anxiety and achievement. [J] Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 21:112- 126. 2001.
