籼型三系杂交水稻产量性状的相关及通径分析

Correlation and Path Analysis of the Yield Character of Three-line Indica Hybrid Rice

[目的]为杂交水稻育种提供依据。[方法]以8个三系不育系与8个恢复系按不完全双列杂交(NCⅡ)配成的组合为材料,从产量性状上对所配成的38个组合进行杂种优势分析。[结果]杂种F1存在显著的杂种优势,在所考查的10个性状中尤以每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、着粒密度、株高和单株产量的杂种优势表现明显;相关、通径分析结果表明,每穗实粒数、着粒密度、每穗总粒数和有效穗与单株产量的相关系数达极显著水平;且有效穗、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数对单株产量的直接作用均达显著或极显著水平。[结论]多穗、大穗均可作为籼型杂交水稻育种的方向,但不能片面地强调某一性状的提高,而应同时综合考虑其他性状的表现,优化穗粒结构,才能获得产量的最大潜力。

[ Objective ] The scientific reference for hybrid rice breeding would be provided through the experiment. [ MethodJ The NC 11 cross design of 8 x 8 （8 CMS lines and 8 restorer lines） was adopted to research the yield heterosis of 38 hybrid rice combinations. [ Results ] The results showed that： There existed significant heterosis in F1 generations. The heterosis was showed in the following characters such as spikelets per panicle, grains per panicle, density of seed-setting, plant height and yield per plant. The analysis of the correlation and the path showed that yield per plant had a significantly positive correlation with grains per panicle, density of seed-setting, spikelets per panicle and effective panicle ; and the direct function of effective panicle, spikelets per panicle and grains per panicle to yield of single plant was very significant at 0.05 level or 0.01 level. [ Conclusion] More panicle and larger panicle could be the orientation of rice breeding, but can not emphasize the improvement of the exclusive character, and some other characters were also considered simultaneously. To optimize structure of panicle per plant and grain per panicle can gain the best potential yield.