入侵B型与Q型烟粉虱的发生及防治对策

Occurrence and Prevention Countermeasures of Biotype B and Q of Tobacco Whitefly Intruded in China

[目的]为控制B型和Q型烟粉虱的危害提供依据。[方法]以烟粉虱为研究对象,阐述了近年来入侵我国的B型和Q型烟粉虱的危害、生物型鉴定等方面的研究,并提出了防治对策。[结果]B型烟粉虱可为害寄主植物超过500种,包括多种蔬菜、花卉和大田作物,这些作物也是重要的病毒传播媒介。在云南、浙江、北京等地区已有Q型烟粉虱存在的报道,其在浙江省曾大量发生危害。不同生物型烟粉虱很难根据形态特征来区分,分子标记能有效地区分。烟粉虱成虫和若虫常群集在叶片背面,能分泌大量的蜜露,污染叶片和果实,诱发病害发生。烟粉虱要采取多种措施防治。[结论]应重视B型和Q型烟粉虱的传播与危害,采取综合防治措施。

[Objective] The study was to provide the basis for controlling the harm of biotype B and Q of tobacco whitefly. [Method] With tobacco whiteflies as researched object, the recent researches on their harm and biotype identification etc. of biotype B and Q of tobacco whitefly intruded in China were described, and their provention countermeasures was proposed. [Result] Biotype B of tobacco whitefly could harm more than 500 kinds of host plants, including many kinds of vegetables, flowers and field crops and these plants were also the important propagation medium of virus. The existence of biotype Q tobacco whitefly in regions of Yunnan, Zhejiang and Beijing etc were reported, and the biotype Q tobacco whitefly had occurred a lot damage in Zhejiang Province. Different biotype of tobacco whiteflies were very difficultly differentiated according to their morphological characteristics, but moleeular markers could effectively distinguish them. Adult anti nymph of tobacco whitefly often clustered on the back of leaves and they could secretted a lot of honeydew which polluted the leaves and fruits and induced disease occurrence. The tobacco whitefly should be controlled with many measures. [Conclusion] The transmission and damage of biotype B and Q of tobacco whitefly should be pay more attention and the comprehensive control measures on them should be taken.