发酵猪粪与化肥不同配比对小白菜产量的影响

Effects of Different Application Ratio of Pig Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on Chinese Cabbage (Brassica chinensis L. cv. Shanghaiqing) Yield

[目的]研究不同配比的发酵猪粪白化肥对小白菜产量的影响,为小白菜科学施用有机无机肥料提供依据。[方法]利用田间试验研究了发酵猪粪、化肥、化肥与发酵猪粪配比对小白菜产量和经济收益的影响。[结果]在施肥量为N120 kg/hm^2、P2O543 kg/hm^2、K2O55kg/hm^2的情况下,施肥能显著提高小白菜产量和经济收益,同不施肥对照相比,各施肥处理小白菜产量增幅达12.87～30.47 t/hm^2,相对增产1.30～3.07倍,获得纯利润7 377～22 829元/hm^2。在等量养分施用条件下,肥料中化肥的比例越大则小白菜的产量和利润越高,但3/4化肥＋1/4有机肥处理与全部施用化肥处理的差异不大。[结论]合理的肥料施用是保障小白菜产量和经济收益的重要措施,在小白菜栽培中,可以用发酵好的猪粪来替代1/4左右的化肥量。

[ Objective ] The research aimed to study the effects of different application ratio of pig manure and chemical fertilizer on Chinese cabbage （Brassica chinensis L. cv. Shanghaiqing） yield, and provide the basis for instructing scientific fertilization with organic manure and chemical fertilizer for Chinese cabbage. [ Method] The effects of fermented pig manure, chemical fertilizer and combination of manure and fertilizer on yield and profit of Chinese cabhage were studied by a field trial. [ Result ] The results showed that the yield and benefit were significantly increased with fertilization. Compared with control treatment, t the yield of he treatment with N 120 kg/hm^2, P205 43 kg/hm^2 and K2O 55 kg/hm^2 increased from 12.87 t/hm^2 to 30.47 t/hm^2, received more net profit by 7 377 - 22 829 yuan/hm^2. At the same nutrients application, the yield and profit of the treatment with more chemical fertilizer was higher than the treatment with more pig manure.However,there was no significant difference between the treatment of 3/4 chemical fertilizer ＋ 1/4 pig manure and the treatment of all chemical fertilizer. [Conclusion] It was illuminated that rational application of fertilizers was important measure for Chinese cabbage yield and benefit.About 1/4 fermented pig manure could be substituted some dose fertilizer for Chinese cabbage cultivated.