体外应用氟化物对牙酸蚀症再矿化效果的评价-显微硬度测定

In vitro evaluation of fluoride treatment on remineralization of eroded enamel of human primary tooth-A study of microhardness

目的用显微硬度测量法研究氟化物对碳酸饮料酸蚀后的乳牙釉质的再矿化作用。方法收集临床拔除的滞留第二乳磨牙共16颗,制成牙釉质样本。经碳酸饮料浸泡,每天2次,每次10分钟,共5天后,分为对照组(A组)、2%氟化钠溶液组(B组)、含1.23%氟离子凝胶组(C组)和含低氟过饱和钙磷溶液矿化液组(含氟10ppm)(D组)四组,每组16个牙块。经不同的氟化物处理釉质表面,每天1次,每次2分钟,共5天。分别在酸蚀前、酸蚀后和再矿化后用显微硬度计测定釉质表面硬度。数据使用SPSS10.0统计软件包进行单因素方差分析(ANOVA)。结果饮料酸蚀后的牙釉质表面硬度值明显下降。与对照组相比,经2%氟化钠溶液和1.23%氟离子凝胶组处理后的牙釉质表面硬度值均比处理前显著上升(分别为P=0.031和P=0.017),这两组之间的差异无显著性;矿化液处理后的牙釉质表面硬度值无显著变化(P=0.894)。结论显微硬度测定实验显示高浓度的氟制剂2%氟化钠溶液和含1.23%氟离子凝胶能够显著地促进酸蚀釉质再矿化;低氟浓度矿化液在短时间内对酸蚀釉质再矿化作用不明显。

Objective To evaluate in vitro the efficacy of fluorides to promote the reminerization of human. primary tooth enamel eroded by a commercial carbonated soft drink. Methods Sixteen retained secondary primary molars were collected at clinic and were processed into enamel slabs. The enamel slabs were first immersed into a carbonated acidic drink for 10min, twice a day for 5 days, then they were randomly divided into 4 groups for further treatments： ①Group A treated with artificial saliva as the control group; ②Group B treated with 2% sodium fluoride;③Group C treated with 1.23% fluoride gelatin; ④Group D treated with saturated calcium phosphate solution with 10 ppm fluoride. The treatments were given 2 min per day for 5 days. The surface microhardness （SMH） of the enamel slabs was determined prior to the erosive challenge （baseline）, after the erosive challenge, and after in situ remineralization. One -way ANOVA was used for statistical analyses. Results The SMH of the enamel slabs was decreased significantly after immersion into the carbonated acidic drink. The SMH of the enamel slabs treated with 2% Sodium Fluoride or 1.23% fluoride felatin was significantly increased compared with that of the control （ P = 0. 031 and P = 0.017 respectively） while there was no significant difference between these two groups. The SMH of the enamel slabs treated with saturated calcium phosphate solution did not increase significantly compared with that of the control （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion The present microhardness studies showed that in vitro treatment with high fluoride -containing reagents （2% sodium fluoride and 1.23% fluoride gelatin） could significantly promote remineralization of eroded human enamel. However, mineral solution with very low fluoride concentration did not show any significant reminerization effect in this study.