膨润土材料对落地浮油吸附回收性能的研究

A Study on Properties of Bentonite Materials Adsorbing and Reclaiming Falling-Oil

选择膨润土作为吸附回收落地浮油的原材料，制备了原土吸附剂和颗粒吸附剂。通过试验。研究了提取温度和提取时间对吸附剂的油回收率和重复使用性的影响，对比性评价了不同吸附剂的落地油吸附回收性能。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、比表面积测试仪（BET）和红外光谱分析（FTIR），研究了不同材料吸附回收落地油前后的形貌和组成变化，探讨了材料的吸附机制。SEM结果表明，颗粒吸附剂的脱附能力优于原土吸附剂。BET结果表明，原土吸附剂比颗粒吸附剂具有大的比表面积．经过3次吸附一脱附循环后，原土吸附剂的比表面积明显下降，而颗粒吸附剂的比表面积则基本保持不变。FTIR测试结果表明，2种吸附剂的吸附回收落地浮油过程对油的性能不存在影响，原土吸附剂中的油含量，随吸附一脱附次数的增加，明显比颗粒吸附剂增大。原土吸附剂对落地浮油的吸附，主要是以层间吸附机制进行，而颗粒吸附剂则以表面吸附进行，颗粒吸附剂综合吸附回收性能优于原土吸附剂。

Bentonite materials were selected as stuff to prepare powdered and grainy adsorbents, which were used to adsorb and reclaim falling-oil. The influence of distilling temperature and time on reclaiming rate and recycle of the two kinds of bentonite adsorbents were investigated contrastively, and their properties of adsorbing and reclaiming falling-oil were evaluated. Changes in composition and morphology of the different materials before and after adsorbing and desorbing falling-oil as well as the mechanism of adsorption were investigated via scanning electron microscope （SEM）, Brunner-Emmett-Teller （BET） tester for specific surface area measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FTIR）. SEM results indicated that the desorbing ability of the grainy adsorbent was superior to that of the powdered one; therefore, along with the recycles of the adsorbing-desorbing process, oil retained on the powdered adsorbent became obviously more and more than the grainy one did. From BET studies, the powdered adsorbent exhibited larger surface area than the grainy one, but its surface area distinctly reduced after three times of the adsorbing-desorbing process whilst that of the grainy one keeping unchanged. According to the FTIR results, the adsorbing-reclaiming process had no influ- ence on the properties of the oil. The experiment indicated that the adsorbing-desorbing process was in accordance with an interlayer adsorption mechanism for the powdered adsorbent, and a surface adsorption mechanism for the grainy one. It was concluded that the grainy adsorbent revealed a better comprehensive adsorbingreclaiming ability.