新型反应器(SUFR)去除城市污水中氮和磷的试验研究

A Pilot Study on Novel Reactor (SUFR) for Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Municipal Wastewater

开发了一种新的污水生物处理反应器——螺旋升流式反应器(Spiral Up-Flow Reactor,SUFR),与传统的“池型反应器”(如氧化沟)相比,既提高了反应器中稳定的活塞流流态的容积利用率,又便于工程应用。运用SUFR对生物脱氮除磷进行了研究,系统连续稳定运行6个月的结果表明,该系统能保证出水平均质量浓度COD小于31mg/L,总氮小于10mg/L,总磷小于0.50mg/L,对COD、TN和TP的去除率分别达94%、86%和96%以上。对去除性能的分析结果表明,(1)SUFR系统厌氧反应器、缺氧反应器和好氧反应器对COD的去除量分别占去除总量的51.2%、12.5%和36.3%;(2)在去除总氮时,好氧反应器表现出了同步硝化反硝化功能,其对总氮的去除量约占SUFR系统去除总量的10%～20%;(3)去除总磷时,缺氧反应器表现出了反硝化吸磷现象,吸磷的量与进水COD质量浓度有关。

According to the reactor theory, a new reactor for wastewater biological treatment-spiral up-flow reactor （SUFR） has been developed. Its volume efficiency was higher than that of conventional pond reactors such as oxidation ditch. On the other hand, the SUFR was easy to apply in a full-scale wastewater treatment. Tests on the removal of COD, nitrogen and phosphorus by using the SUFR system were described. Six-month continuing stable running of the system showed that concentrations of COD, total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） in the effluent were below 31mg/L, 10mg/L and 0.5mg/L respectively, and their removal efficiencies were kept over 94%, 86% and 96% respectively. It has been found that （1） the removal of COD in the anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic reactors was 51.2%, 12.5% and 36.3% of the total removal in the SUFR system respectively; （2） while removing TN, the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the aerobic reactor would remove about 10%-20% of TN in the SUFR system; （3） while removing TP, the sludge in the anoxic reactor had an ability of phosphorus-uptake in the course of denitrification depending on COD concentration in the influent.