可持续发展与战略环境评价

On Sustainable Development and Strategic Environmental Assessment

可持续发展的实施需要具体的手段和方法。在对可持续发展和战略环境评价(SEA)的概念、内涵和特征进行概略分析的基础上,通过分析两者之间的内在联系,着重考察以SEA实施可持续发展的理论依据和方法。结果表明:SEA能为实施可持续发展提供整体性方法,全面考虑战略替代方案,系统分析累积环境影响,建立环境监控计划及运用适应性环境管理方法,扩展决策过程中的公众参与。认为SEA是实施可持续发展的一种重要工具。为了贯彻实施我国的可持续发展战略,应在我国进一步开展SEA的理论和实践研究。

The implementation of sustainable development needs specific tools and instruments. Based on a brief analysis of the conception and characteristics of sustainable development and strategic environmental assessment （SEA）, the internal relations in between and the rationale for implementing sustainable development by SEA were examined. It showed that SEA could provide a holistic approach to sustainable development, com- prehensively consider alternatives at a strategic level, systematically analyse cumulative environmental effects, establish environmental monitoring program and adaptive environmental management approaches, and expand public participation in decision-making. It was therefore held that SEA was an important instrument for imple- menting sustainable development, and that further research on SEA theory and practice in China was needed so as to carry out the sustainable development strategy.