密蒙花提取物对去势雄兔干眼症的预防作用

Effects of extract of buddleja officinalis on prevention of dry eye in castrated rabbits

目的观察密蒙花提取物对雄兔去势所致干眼症的预防作用，探讨密蒙花提取物抗雄激素水平下降所致干眼症的机制。方法实验研究。将30只日本大耳白雄兔随机分为空白组（A）、模型组（B）、治疗组（C、D、E），每组6只，对B、C、D、E组行去势术建立动物模型，对C、D、E组分别以密蒙花提取物1倍剂量和2倍剂量以及染料木黄酮连续灌胃1个月，对全部实验兔行SchirmerI试验，对兔泪腺组织中炎性因子转化生长因子（TGF）-β1、白细胞介素（IL）-1β、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α和凋亡相关基因蛋白Fas、FasL、Bax、bcl-2进行检测，电镜观察显微结构变化。各组SIT测量值治疗前后比较，使用配对t检验，如不满足t检验的使用条件则使用符号秩和检验；SIT各组间治疗后比较，以治疗前测量值为协变量，使用协方差分析。各组炎性因子TGF—β1、IL-1β、TNF-α平均A值的比较，凋亡相关基因蛋白Fas、FasL、Bax、bcl-2平均A值和凋亡细胞数量的比较，使用多元方差分析。结果C、D、E组Schirmer I试验测量值明显高于B组（P〈0．01），泪腺导管及腺泡上皮细胞中，IL-1β、TNF-α、Fas、FasL、Bax表达明显低于B组而TGF-β1、bcl-2表达明显高于B组（P〈0．01），电镜示C、D、E组显微结构明显改善。以上检测结果C、D组均明显优于E组（P〈0．05）。结论密蒙花提取物对于雄激素水平所致兔干眼症有良好的实验疗效，其作用机制可能与其中主要成分黄酮类物质拟雄激素效应调节体内性激素水平有关，从而可调节泪腺局部炎性反应、抑制泪腺细胞凋亡。

Objective To assess the preventive effects of extract of buddleja officinalis on dry eye in castrated rabbits and to discuss the mechanism of these effects. Methods It was a experimental study. Thirty male rabbits were divided equally into normal group （ A）, disease group （B） and treatment group （C, D, and E）. The dry eye model was established with orehiectomy （ORX） in Group B, C, D and E. Group C, D and E were gastrically perfused with single-dose or double-does of buddleja officinalis extract or genistein for 30 days. All rabbits were examined with Schirmer I test （SIT）. TGF-β1, IL-1β, TNF-α, Fas, FasL, Bax and bcl-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Morphological and uhrastructure changes were observed by electron microscopy. Results The SIT value of group C, D, E was significantly greater than that of group B （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, Fas, FasL and Bax in acinar cells and glandular tube cells of group C, D, E were significantly lower than those of group B （P 〈 0. 01 ） and the expression of TGF-β1 and bcl-2 in acinar cells and glandular tube cells of group C, D, E were significantly higher than those of group B （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Furthermore, uhrastructure of lacrimal gland in group C, D, E was much healthier than that of group B. The results obtained from all of these studies showed that the lacrimal glands status in group C, D was significantly better than that of group E （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Extract of buddleja officinalis has a significant effect on the prevention of experimental dry eye in castrated male rabbits. The main components of extract of buddleja officinalis are the flavonoids. The flavonoids display androgen-like activity. Therefore, it can adjust gonadal hormone level in vivo. As a result, it can inhibit local inflammation in lacrimal gland and reduce apoptosis of lacrimal gland cells.