云南省4个地区多形性日光疹、慢性光化性皮炎患病率调查

The Prevalence of Photodermatosis in Four Regions with Different Altitudes in Yunnan Province of China

目的调查云南省4个不同海拨、不同民族聚居地正常人群中多形性日光疹和慢性光化性皮炎的发病情况,3个不同海拔地区3家医院就疹病人中多形性日光疹和慢性光化性皮炎发病情况.方法在海拨依次为380m、1870m、2410m、3280m的云南省元江县(傣族、哈尼族聚居),昆明市西山区、官渡区(汉族、彝族聚居),丽江纳西族自治县,香格里拉藏族自治县随机选择1～2个自然村,对村民进行问卷调查和检查,同时调查2003年5月至2005年5月在昆明医学院附二院皮肤科、丽江地区医院皮肤科、玉溪地区医院皮肤科就诊或住院病人中多形性日光疹和慢性光化性皮炎发病情况.结果(1)15岁以上被调查者4899人,男2400人(49.0%),女2499人(51.0%),多形性日光疹的患病率0.65%(32/4899),慢性光化性皮炎为0.18%(9/4899);(2)多形性日光疹的发病女性高于男性(P<0.01).其好发年龄20～40岁.慢性光化性皮炎好发于40岁以上人群,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)多形性日光疹在不同海拨地区的患病率有统计学意义,海拨高的香格里拉地区的患病率明显高于元江县和昆明市(P值均<0.01),慢性光化性皮炎的患病率在各地区间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(4)3家医院就诊的75413名患者中多形性日光疹占0.21%,慢性光化性皮炎0.17%.结论(1)多形性日光疹在云南省的患病率高于慢性光化性皮炎,好发于中年女性.高海拨地区患病率高于低海拔地区,人们必须加强防晒意识和措施;(2)医院就诊患者多形性日光疹所占比率明显低于正常人群的患病率,表明大多数病人症状轻呈一过性,到医院就诊少.

Objective To investigate the population-based prevalence of polymorphous light eruption （ PLE） and chronic actinic dermatitis （CAD） in six minority groups living in four counties with significantly different altitudes in the Yunnan province. Methods A questionnaire survey was administered to 4 899 residents of random villages in Yuanjiang county （Dai and Hani minorities）, Kunming city （Han people and Yi minority） , Lijiang Naxi minority, And Shangri-La Zang minority. The altitudes of these counties were 380 m, 1 870 m, 2 410 m and 3 280 m, respectively. At the same time, a questionnaire survey was administered to patients with PLE or CAD came from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Lijiang Hospital and Yuxi Hospital from May, 2003 to May, 2005, respectively. Results The results showed： （1） There were 2400 males （49.0%） and 2 499 females （51.0%）. The prevalence of PLE .was 0.65% （32/4899） , while the prevalence of CAD was 0.18% （9/4 899）. （2） The prevalence of PLE was higher among females than males （P 〈0.01）. CAD prevalence was not significantly different between males and females （P 〉0.05）. （3） The prevalence of PLE was higher in higher elevations compared to lower elevations （ P 〈 0.01 ）. However, The prevalence of CAD was not significantly different among the four regions （P 〉 0.05）. （4） There were 0.21% patients with PLE and 0.17% patients CAD among 75 413 patients who consulted these hospitals. Conclusions The study demonstrates that the prevalence of PLE is higher than that of CAD in Yunnan. The prevalence of PLE is positively correlated with altitude. The rate of PLE in hospital is lower than the prevalence of PLE among residents, which shows the sign of most patients with PLE is mild and temporal. The patients seldom consult a doctor.