旱地保护性耕作对土壤理化性状和冬小麦生理特性的影响

Effect of Conservative Tillage under Rain Fed Condition on Soil Physico-chemical Characters and Winter Wheat Physiological Traits

本研究结果表明,与传统旋耕相比,旱地实行保护性耕作后,土壤容重和土壤温度得以改善,土壤含水率显著增加,土壤有机质含量提高,养分状况改善。对小麦生理特性的研究表明,采用保护性耕作种植的小麦单株分蘖力强,生育后期叶面积系数较高,干物质生产能力较强,公顷穗数显著高于传统旋耕,最终产量较传统旋耕增产27.4%。对比小麦当季水分生产效率,保护性耕作高于传统旋耕39.5%,达14.35 kg.mm-1.h-1。

Compared to the conventional tillage, the conservative tillage under rain fed condition could improve soil bulk density and temperature, increase soil moisture and soil organic matter as well as plant tillering ability, sustain higher leaf area index （LAI） during later stages of development, stronger productivity of dry matter and more spikes per hectare, all of which led to yield increasing of 27.4%. And conservative till- age under rain fed condition could also improve the water use efficiency （WUE） greatly, which was 14. 35 kg·mm^-1·h^-1 and 39.5% higher than that of the conventional tillage.