民生问题的宪法权利之维

The Constitutional Right Dimension of Civil Livelihood

民生问题是一个多维度的复杂问题,以"宪法权利—国家义务"的分析框架对其内部结构进行规范性考察仍可得出此结论。就宪法权利类型而言,民生问题主要涉及的是社会权,但也包含了财产权、住宅不受侵犯等经济自由、人身自由的内容;相对应的,就宪法权利功能而言,民生问题主要涉及的是受益权功能,但也与防御权功能相关。由此,国家在民生问题中应履行三重义务,除了常见的帮助义务之外,还包括保护义务与尊重义务。只有体系性地思考民生问题,方可达致妥贴的解决方案。

Civil livelihood is a complex problem with multi dimensions, which could be solved by normatively analyzing its internal structure through a ＂ constitutional right-state obligation＂ device. In terms of the categories of constitutional rights, civil livelihood involves social rights, when liberal rights are also covered. Correspondingly, on the functions of constitutional rights, it mainly contains beneficial function when defensive function also exists. State obligation includes three aspects： assisting obligation, protection obligation and respect obligation. All this shows that the problem of civil livelihood needs a systematical consideration.