刺参养殖池沉积物理化、生物指标测定及相关性分析

Determination and Correlation Analysis of Physical,Chemical and Biological Indicators of the Surface Sediment of the Culture Ponds for Apostichopus japonicus (Selenlca)

目的:通过测定刺参养殖池表层沉积物的理化、生物指标含量,分析它们之间的相关性及对刺参生长的影响。方法:采用标准养殖环境沉积物检测规范。结果:沉积物中总氮含量范围291～360μg·g-1,平均含量为300μg·g-1,均未超过生态毒性值(550μg·g-1);总磷含量较高,达到408～631μg·g-1,平均含量为543μg·g-1,有3个养殖池总磷含量超标;硫化物含量范围174～456μg·g-1,平均含量298μg·g-1;有机质含量达到2.10%～4.60%;底栖硅藻含量为5.50～44.5×106cells·m-2,平均含量18.6×106cells·m-2;总异养菌含量平均范围在1.33×106～100×106cfu·g-1;其中总氮含量与含水率、有机质的相关性达到0.946、0.956,硫化物含量与底栖硅藻相关性为0.827,总磷含量与其它物质含量无明显相关性。结论:总氮含量与含水率、有机质含量呈极显著正相关;硫化物含量分别与底气硅藻含量和总异养菌含量呈显著正相关;其他本底值之间相关性不显著。刺参生长受环境影响明显,如果底栖硅藻含量丰富,其他营养盐含量较低,则刺参生长良好。

Objective： The physical, chemical and biological indicators of the surface sediments of six culture ponds for Apostichopus japonicus （Selenlca） were determined. Their correlativity and effect on Apostichopus japonicus were also studied. Method： Adopt standard survey criterion of sediment in the culture ponds. Result： The total nitrogen contents were between 291 - 360μg·g^-1 with average content of 300μg·g^-1, which did not exceed the eco - toxicity content. The total phosphorus contents were relatively high, up to 408 - 631μg·g^-1 with average content of 543μg·g^-1. The total phosphorus contents of three ponds was over standard. The sulphide contents were 174 - 456μg·g^-1 with average content of 298μg·g^-1 . The organic matter contents were 2.10% - 4.60%. The benthic diatoms contents were widely different, ranging from 5.50 ×10^6 to 44.5 ×10^6cells·m^-2 with average content of 18.6 ×10^6cells·m^-2. The total hetemtmphic bacteria contents were 1.33 ×10^6- 100 ×10^6cfu· g . The correlations of total nitrogen with water ratio and organic matter are 0.946,0.956. The correlation between sulphide benthic diatoms is 0. 827, there is no obvious correlations between total phosphoru and other matter. Conclusion：There were distinct positive correlations among total nitrogen, water ratio and organic matter. The positive correlations among sulphide, benthic diatoms contents and total heterotrophic bacteria contents were also distinct. The cultttre of Apostichopus japonicus （Selenlca） is influenced by environment factors. If the benthic diatoms content is abundant, and the other nutrient content is low, the Apostichopus japonicus （Selenlca） growes well.