上海市某区医疗废物管理状况的调查

SURVEY ON MANAGEMENT OF MEDICAL WASTE IN A DISTRICT OF SHANGHAI

目的了解浦东新区医疗废物的产生、流转及管理状况,找出存在的问题,提出管理对策。方法通过现场查看和问卷调查的方法,对辖区内医疗机构生活垃圾、医疗废物处理情况进行调查。结果该区医疗机构的注射室、口腔科和检验科的医疗废物比较多。医疗机构工勤人员对医疗废物管理法规知晓率为81.5%,废弃物分类知晓率为79.0%,操作要求知晓率为95.1%。一次性利器盒使用率仅占38%。医疗废物在医院内存放超过2d者占98%,有95%的单位不使用专用运输工具运送垃圾。结论该区医疗机构对医疗废物的产生点、临时贮存点和转运等关键环节是今后监管重点。

Objective To investigate the management of medical waste including its production, classification and packaging, store and transportation in a district of Shanghai, to find the main problems in these processes and to give some administration Methods Field observation and questionnaires were used to investigate how the daily rubbish and medical waste in the medical institutions were disposed. Results The departments generating large amount of medical waste in medical institution were the therapy room, the stomatology department and the medical lab. The workers ofthe institutions knowing the law of administration of medical waste accounted for 81.5%, those knowing the classification of waste accounted for 79.0% and those knowing the operation requirement accounted for 95.1%. Only 38% of the medical institutions used the disposable sharp instrument boxes. 98% of the institutions stored the waste longer than 2 days and 95% did not use the special transport vehicles for transporting rubbish. Conclusion There are some nonstandardized phenomena in production, temporary storage and transportation of the medical waste.