近代来华传教士的中文学习——以金陵大学华言科为中心

The Chinese Learning of the Modern Missionaries in China——Taking the Chinese Department of Jinling University as the Study Case

熟练掌握当地语言是基督教事业成功的基本要求。19世纪的来华传教士在中文学习上面临师资、教材和方法上的种种困难,但自1912年金陵大学华言科和其他一些语言学校相继建立以后,这一情形有了根本改变,传教士的中文学习模式从以个体自学为主演进到体制化的课程学习。语言学校不仅提高了传教士语言学习的效率,也加强了传教士对中国社会与历史文化的全面理解,在培养合格传教士以及近代中西文化交流中都发挥了重要作用。

It is essential for the success of the Christian undertaking to be proficient in the local language. As far as the 19th--century missionaries in China are concerned, they face such difficulties as teachers, textbooks and methods in Chinese learning. But, since the establishment the Chinese Department of Jingling University as well as other language schools, things are quite different. The learning pattern changes from the teaching-oneself into the systematic training, which not only hence the effect of Chinese learning but also strengthens the comprehensive understanding of the Chinese society, history and culture, thus playing an important part in training qualified missionaries and having a modern cultural exchange between China and Western countries.