上海市幼儿乳牙龋病的变化趋势——同一幼儿园4年追踪调查

Trend of dental caries of deciduous teeth in Shanghai——A 4-years follow-up survey in a kindergarten

目的了解本世纪初上海市幼儿乳牙患龋状况的动向和特点。方法以上海市区同一所幼儿园2～5岁幼儿为对象,连续4年进行龋病检查,计算患龋率、受检者龋均(DFT)和龋蚀严重度指数(CSI),并对140名(2岁54名,3岁86名)幼儿追踪3年,每隔1年观察患龋状况之增量。结果该幼儿园幼儿乳牙的患龋率、DFT和CSI在4年中总体无明显变化;每年的患龋状况均随年龄增长而加剧。140名同一个体幼儿组的患龋状况均呈逐年加剧,前后两次的增量间,总体和各年龄组均无明显差异;首次增量中,2岁组的患龋率增量明显高于3岁组,其它各项增量在两年龄组间并无差异。结论该所幼儿园幼儿乳牙患龋状况4年间无明显改变,从2岁到3岁患龋率增加明显,提示龋病防治工作从2岁开始就应加强。

Objectives To study the trends and characteristics of dental caries of deciduous teeth in Shanghai at the beginning of the twentigth century. Methods The caries status of children aged 2-5 were examined in the same kindergarten in Shanghai for 4 years consecutively. The prevalence of dental caries, DFT and Caries Severity Index （CSI） were calculated. The 3-year consecutive data of 140 children （54, 2 y and 86, 3 y） were analyzed and the increments of caries status were calculated annually. Results The prevalence of dental caries, DFT and CSI had no distinct change generally in the 4 years. The caries status got worse with age in every year. The analysis of the 3 years consecutive data in 140 children indicated that the caries status got worse year by year, and there was no difference in the increments of caries status among two years as a whole, as well as each age group. The increment of prevalence of dental caries of 2 y group was much higher than that of 3 y group in the first year, while there was no difference in the increments of DFT and CSI between two age groups. Conclusions The caries status in this kindergarten had no distinct change generally in 4 years. The prevalence of dental caries increased remarkably from 2 to 3 years old. It is indicated that the prevention and treatment for dental caries of deciduous teeth should be enhanced from 2-year-old kids.