传统契约的致命缺陷:非自愿性与不平等性

The Fatal Flaw of Traditional Contracts:Unwillingness and Inequality

西方在民事交往活动自愿的基础上,发现并发扬了契约自由原则和平等原则,并使之成为现代民事交往的基本原则。与此相反,中国传统契约活动具有非自愿性和不平等性。本文从中国传统的买卖契约、典当契约以及婚姻家庭有关的契约活动来分析、探讨中国传统契约的不自愿性和不平等性,传统中国社会对这种不自愿、不平等的契约活动尚且能够履行,对于当代中国社会在自愿与平等协商的基础上履行民事行为具有一定借鉴意义。这也正是本文研究目的之所在。

In the western countries civil activities are on the voluntary basis and the contract principles of freedom and equality are had, which have become the basic principles in civil interactions. On the contrary, China＇s traditional contracts have unwilling and unequal features. This paper gives an analysis of China＇s traditional contracts of buying and selling, pawn, marriage and families to explore their unwillingness and inequality. And these contracts can be fulfilled. It has some use for reference in fulfilling civil liability on the basis of willingness and equality in contemporary China.