夏南牛新品种培育技术研究

Study on the Breeding of Xianan Cattle

夏南牛培育项目始于1986年。夏南牛是以夏洛来牛为父本,以南阳牛为母本,应用人工授精技术,采用杂交创新、横交固定和自群繁育三阶段开放式育种方法,根据血统、外貌、体重综合选择,以体重为主,同时考虑早熟性,经过21年严格的选种选育,育成的含夏洛来牛血37.5%的肉用牛新品种。通过中间试验、育肥试验、屠宰试验,夏南牛表现出良好的肉用特征,生长发育速度、屠宰率、净肉率、肉品质等方面明显优于南阳牛。本文总结出了一套适合我国国情的肉牛新品种育种成功经验。

Xianan cattle breeding project began in 1986. The sire breed and maternal breed of Xianan cattle were Charolais and Nanyang cattle. The breeding experienced two--breed crossbreeding, cross- breeding fixation and inter--mating. During the breeding practices, bull and cows were strictly selected on the bloodline source, appearance and body weight and the body weight was the first factor considered. After 21--year selection, Xianan cattle contain 37.5 percent blood from Charolais. In intermediate tests, fattening experiments and slaughter tests, Xianan cattle show excellent meat performance. Especially, growth and development rate, slaughter rate, net meat percentage and meat quality were more excellent than Nanyang cattle. A set of successful experience under current national conditions on breeding a new beef breed was concluded in this paper.