试论两宋儒学的文本观及其经学中的语言学思想

Discussion on Text-View of Neo-Confucian during Song Dynasty & Linguistic Thought of Its Classical Learning

两宋儒学提倡不盲从的普遍怀疑精神和学贵得之于心的自由学风,以"理义大本"为理性支点,力求除去个人私见与锢蔽,即从经文本身的语境即"上下文义"、理解的时间性即"熟读深思"上,"不为文字所梏",求得圣人之意。这样,两宋儒学中的语言哲学既接续了汉唐注疏对圣人之意的传述,接植了先秦以来的言意之辨、名实之辨的语言哲学精神,又突破了训诂师承的传统,在读经与做人、创通经义与自我省察乃至提升理想人格上,提出了值得一再回味的命题,从而启开了经学与理学互释的源头。

Neo-Confucian during Song Dynasty advocated universal suspicion spirit and liberal style of study, regarding Li Yi Da Ben as a rational fulcrum. They tried to get rid of individual prejudice and shelter, that is, they had grasped the significance of the sages not shackled by character from the context of scripture and the timeliness of understanding. Thus, the language philosophy of Neo-Confucian during Song Dynasty took up the Smriti towards the significance of the sages in Han and Tang Dynasties, and succeeded the spirit of language philosophy embodied in the debate on language and meaning and the debate on names and actuality, moreover, they broke through the tradition of scholastic imparting and put forward many propositions that were worth of aftertaste. Therefore, they opened the origin of mutual interpretations between classical learning and Neo- Confucian.