城市义务教育均衡发展机制研究

Study on Equilibrium Development Mechanism of Urban Compulsory Education

本文从机制设计理论的视角分析城市义务教育的均衡发展问题。首先以三组实证数据鲜明地揭示了城市义务教育区(县)间、学校间和群体间不均衡的现实状况。然后从现存体制中追寻造成不均衡的原因,并针对性地提出政府保证底线公平,兼容市场机制,市级政府统筹的改革思路。根据机制设计原理,具体设计了城市义务教育均衡推进的实施机制,包括市政府制定办学基准,客观核定经费缺口和公式化拨款,建立多方激励相容机制,由优质学校带动薄弱学校发展,以及将均衡纳入政绩考核等。

This paper analyses the problems of urban development from the perspective of mechanism design theory. disparities between districts, schools and groups by data, and compulsory education equilibrium The author points out the education finds the reasons from the current system, and proposes reform plans, including government maintaining foundation equity while being compatible with market mechanism, and city government coordinating different districts. Based on mechanism design theory, the author designs explicit mechanism, including setting school standards, assessing funding gaps and appropriation by formula, improving disadvantaged schools by excellent schools in a incentive compatible mechanism, and set equilibrium accountability as governor performance.