中国沿海蛾螺科5属10种28S rRNA基因的系统学分析

Phylogenetic analysis of ten species of five genera of Buccinidae from the Chinese coast based on 28S rRNA gene

目前已报道在我国分布的蛾螺科种类有13个属,约31个种,系统学和分类地位仍存在较大的争议。本研究利用核糖体大亚基28S rRNA的部分序列对我国辽宁、山东、福建沿海蛾螺科5属10个种的系统发生进行了分析。通过PCR获得了大约1400bp的片段,测序之后,通过遗传分析软件对序列进行了比对分析,以骨螺科的脉红螺作为外群,利用Neighbor-Joining(NJ)法和Minimum Evolution(ME)法建立了系统树。结果显示,所研究的蛾螺科5属10个种可以被分为5个亚群:第一大分支为香螺亚群,包括Neptunea属的香螺、新英格兰蛾螺、Neptunea eulimata Dall、和一个未知种以及Siphonalia属的略胀管蛾螺;第二个分支为侧平肩螺亚群;第三个分支为水泡蛾螺和黄海蛾螺亚群;第四个分支为褐管蛾螺亚群;第五个分支为方斑东风螺亚群。由系统学分析可知,香螺是较为进化的种;未知种为香螺属内的种;略胀管蛾螺与Neptunea属的种类亲缘关系较近,序列相似系数为0.9%-1.4%,已经达到了属内水平,建议将略胀管蛾螺归为Neptunea属。

It has been reported that there are 31 species in 13 genera of the family Buccinidae, distributed along the Chinese coast, but their taxonomic status is still controversial. In the present paper, phylogenetic relationships among ten species in five genera of Buecinidae from the Liaoning, Shandong and Fujian coast and ten species in five genus from the Chinese coast were examined using partial large ribosome subunit 28S rRNA sequences. An approximate 1400 bp fragment of the 28 rRNA gene was obtained and sequenced; the sequence variations were analyzed and phylogenetic trees were constructed by Neighbor-Joining （N J） and Minimum Evolution （ME） methods using Rapana venosa （Muricidae） as an outgroup. Results suggested that ten species in five genera in the family Buccinidae could be divided into five groups： 1 ） Neptunea, containing Neptunea cumingi Crosse, Neptunea lyrata decemcostata Say, Neptunea eulimata Dall, Siphonalia subdilatata Yen and an uncertain species; 2） Japelion latus Dall; 3） Buccinum pemphigum Dall and Buccinium yokomaruae Yamashita et Habe; 4） Siphonalia spadicea Reeve; and 5） Babylonia areolata Link. The experimental results showed Neptunea cumingi Crosse is the most evolutional species. The unnamed species belongs to the genus Neptunea. Siphonalia subdilatata exists in close relationship with species of the genus Neptunea. The percentage divergence is from 0.9% - 1.4%, and we suggest it should be placed in the genus Neptunea