发展三次采油的战略意义及政策要求

Strategic importance and policy requirements of developing tertiary oil recovery.

油田的开发方式决定着油气采收率的高低，该文从这个高度出发，阐明了一次采油、二次采油和三次采油的本质特征，认为它们分别代表了不同的油田开发方式。油田开发的历史，也是油田开发方式不断发展、不断革命的历史。从人类社会对于石油的需求以及油田开发方式的发展趋势来看，三次采油将成为２１世纪普遍工业应用的主导开发方式。这是因为三次采油作为一种开发方式，它可以把油气采收率提高到一个新的高度，并且是二次采油（注水开发）所不可能达到的。实现开发方式的转变（革命）具有极重要的战略意义，也是石油工业可持续发展的必然选择，因此采取相应的扶持政策也应该成为当务之急，三次采油是对废弃储量的再利用，应减免资源税。在管理层，应对人才、资金、装备等方面加强投入或引进，采取激励科研人员的政策，对有前途的“不成熟技术”加强研究。

OGRT,The recovery efficiency of an oilfield is determined by the development means from this point,the paper introduces the main characteristics of primary oil recovery,secondary oil recovery and tertiary oil recovery that represent various development means.The development history of an oilfield means developing and revolution of development method.According to the requirement of man for petroleum and the developing tendency of development means tertiary oil recovery will be generally used in the industries as the main development means,because it can rise the oil recovery to a new level that secondary oil recovery (waterflooding) cannot.The revolution of development mean is of great strategic importance and necessary for the developing of petroleum industry.Therefore supporting policy is of emergency at present.Tertiary oil recovery reuses abandoned reserves and so royalty should be reduced or exempted.For the managerial class,investment and importation in intellects,funds and equipments should be reinforced.Stimulating policy should be applied to scientific and technical personnel.Study on promising techniques should be enhanced.