坛紫菜耐高温品系选育及经济性状的初步研究

Preliminary study on selecting the high temperature resistance strains and economic traits of Porphyra haitanensis

将人工杂交选育的坛紫菜新品系Z-26，Z-61，Z-81，Z-17的子3代（F3）与野生型对照组进行遗传性状的比较，旨在筛选耐高温品系。实验结果表明：（1）在高温29℃下培养40 d，人工选育的4个新品系丝状体均能正常生长发育，其中Z-26丝状体生长较快，Z-61在29℃下较易成熟，95%的营养藻丝发育成孢子囊枝，Z-17只有30%形成孢子囊枝；（2）Z-26和Z-61品系的叶状体在30℃下培养10 d，虽然藻体变白，但没有死亡，此时将其移至21℃下恢复培养3-4 d，藻体逐渐恢复为原有的色泽；（3）Z-81和Z-17的叶状体在29℃下培养7-10 d，虽然藻体发白但尚未死亡，移至21℃下培养基本可恢复正常，但在30℃下培养10 d，藻体腐烂不可恢复；（4）野生型对照组不耐高温，藻体在27℃下培养5 d就腐烂死亡，人工选育的4个品系耐受高温的幅度比野生型对照组高1-3℃；（5）4个品系叶状体在26-28℃温度下培养10 d后，其主要的藻胆蛋白和叶绿素a的含量与21℃培养下的含量差异不显著，说明短时间的高温培养并不影响其品质。

Owing to selecting the strains of high temperature resistance, F3 generation of new strains coming from hybridization in Porphyra haitanensis （Z-26, Z-61, Z-81, Z-17） was compared with the wild-type control group by inheritable traits. Results indicated that： （1） The four new strains of selective filament strains could normally grow and develop after 40 d cultivated at 29 ℃ high temperature. Such as Z -26 filament grew faster; Z-61 was easily mature and 95% of the conchocelis filament sprouted into sporangial branch. There was only 30% of filament sprouted into sporangial branch in Z-17. （2） Z-26 and Z-61 were cultivated 10 d under the temperature of 30 ℃. Then they turned white but were not dead and could return their intrinsical colour after 3-4 d cultivated at 21 ℃. （3）Blades of Z-81 and Z-17 which were cultivated 7-10 d at 29 ℃ turned white but were not dead and could return normal at 21 ℃. However, when cultivated 10 d under the temperature of 30 ℃, they were rotten and could not be recovered. （4） Wild-type control group was no high temperature resistance and they were rotten even dead after 5 days cultivated under the temperature of 27 ℃. The four stains of slection could resist the high temperature, 1-3 ℃ higher, comparing with the wild-type control group. （5） The thallus of the four strains were cultivaried 10 d under the temperature of 26-28 ℃ and their main phycobiliprotein and chlorophyll a were quiet variance comparing with the thallus that were cultivated under the temperature of 21 ℃. It indicated that temporary high temperature did not make effect on their quality.