以人为本,激励学生自我实现——马斯洛人本主义心理学对高校思想政治教育的启示

目前高校思想政治教育面临着新的问题和挑战,其原因主要是我们将思想政治教育的对象物化或神化,忽视了人的潜能和现实需要。马斯洛的人本主义心理学以积极的态度研究人性,重视人的潜能,对人的未来充满希望,并试图探求一种使人向健康方向发展的途径,他的自我实现理论、需要层次理论等对于在思想政治教育过程中实现以人为本的理念具有重要的现实意义。我们要立足于学生的自我实现潜能的发挥,允许学生的自由选择和正确对待学生的需要,体现人文关怀,提高思想政治教育的实效性。

At present, the ideological and political education of universities is confronting with a new problem and challenge, because we treat students as object or god, neglecting their potential and personal need. Humanistic psychology of Maslom studies human nature by positive attitude, attaches importance to human potential, has high hopes for human future, and seeks the approach to healthy development. His self- fidfillment theory and need-level theory have practical significance to ideological and political education. Based on students＇ self- fulfillment potential, we should permit them to choose freely and treat consider their needs correctly.