社会脑研究二十年:回顾与展望

A Twenty-year Study of the Social Brain:Retrospection and Prospect

人脑中存在因社会交往需要而为进化所选择形成的"社会脑"假说已为大量脑功能成像及脑损伤研究所证实。社会脑假说认为,人类大脑承担着适应环境的重大责任,尤其是在社会交往中负责对自我和他人的心理状态进行归因。随着社会认知神经科学与进化认知神经科学的兴起,对社会脑组成部分的认识逐渐深入,从最初的杏仁核、眶额叶和颞叶皮质,到后上颞沟和与之毗邻的颞顶联结、内侧前额叶皮质和与之毗连的旁扣带回皮质,再到整个镜像区域。本文回顾了近20年来社会脑领域的研究成果,并对其未来发展前景进行了展望。

The hypothesis that there is a ＇social brain＇ in humans specialized for social interactions has received considerable support from brain imaging and lesion studies. The hypothesis of social brain believes that human＇ s brain plays a crucial role in adaptation to the circumstances, especially being responsible for the ascription of mental state of self and other. The accelerating disclosures of ＇social brain＇ has also arisen with the development of social cognitive neuroscience and evolutionary cognitive neuroscienee, which is from amygdala, orbital frontal cortex and temporal eortex to posterior superior temporal sulcus （pSTS）, the medial prefrontal cortex （MPFC） and the adjacent anterior cingulate cortex （ACC）, to mirror system. This paper deals with the advances in the field of social brain in nearly two decades, and suggested the future trend in this field.