优秀三级跳远运动员跨步跳着地瞬间生物学分析

Biological Analysis of the Landing Moment for the Leap of Talent Athletes of Triple Jump

采用运动学、肌电图学等研究方法,结合影像解析法,对天津市优秀女子三级跳远运动员跨步跳动作进行分析。研究发现在着地瞬间采用较为明显的"屈腿着地起跳蹬伸技术",到最大缓冲时刻,支撑腿膝角为139.17°,处于合理的蹬伸范围,但在离地瞬间支撑腿膝角明显小于国内外优秀女子选手,且差异具有显著性;在肌电图方面,半腱肌的用力程度始终是最大的,并且臀大肌、腹直肌、胫骨前肌和股内、外侧肌在跨步跳的踏跳过程中都起着非常重要的作用。

Kinematic and electromyography methods in combination with video analysis are employed in this article to analyze the leap move of female talent athletes of triple jump in Tianjin province and relevant statistics are analyzed by means of Spss 13.0. Research findings indicate： the land - with - bent - knees - take - off - stretch technique is adopt- ed in the landing moment. When the maximum buffer moment is reached, the support leg angle is 139.17°, which is within the reasonable stretch range. However in the ground - leaving moment, the support leg angle of them is obviously smaller than that of domestic and foreign talent female athletes and there is a marked gap between the two. In terms of the eleetromyography, strength exertion for the semitendinosus always reaches the maximum level. Meanwhile the gluteus, rectus abdominis, tibial anterior muscle and femoral and lateral muscle all play an important role in the tap dancing process of the leap.