甘南黄河上游水源补给区“黑土滩”型退化草地现状、成因及综合治理对策

Status,Causes and Comprehensive Treatment of "Black Beach Like" Degraded Pasture in Water Replenishment Region of Upper Yellow River in South of Gansu Province

通过对黄河上游水源补给区"黑土滩"型退化草地现状的调查发现,"黑土滩"型退化草地是由于气候的异常扰动、过度放牧、鼠类破坏、人为影响的综合因素引起的。从而提出了生态综合治理有效途径应以遵循自然规律,因势利导为出发点,减轻放牧压力,防止退化草地面积进一步扩张和蔓延;对不同程度退化草地应采用防治结合的模式,以草定畜,优化畜牧业管理模式;同时应及时灭鼠和防治毒杂草,全面贯彻落实家庭牧场政策、增加投入和高效管理,大力发展教育事业,加强法制建设,实现黄河上游水源补给区草与畜的可持续发展。

The status of the ＂black beach like＂ degraded grassland in the water replenishment area of upper Yellow River was systematically expounded. It was found that the factors of abnormal climate vibration, overgrazing, rodent damage, anthropogenic influence, etc. have synthetically resulted in this degradation. In order to mitigate grazing pressure, prevent further expansion and spread of the degraded grassland area, and lastly realize the development of animal husbandry, the effective approaches of comprehensively ecologi- cal management should be： following natural laws, improving the occasion, associating the models of prevention and treatment in controlling degraded grassland, rationally grazing under grassland carrying capacity, optimizing management, completely implementing the family field policy, increasing investment, and vigorously developing education and strengthen legal system building.