宁夏极端气候事件及其影响分析

Extreme Climatic Events and Its Effect in Ningxia

对全球气候变暖背景下宁夏气候变化基本事实,特别是极端气候事件的变化进行了研究。结果表明,近40多年来宁夏的年平均气温在波动中持续上升,增温幅度高于全国平均值,其中,中部干旱带和银川以北地区冬季的增温幅度达到了2.4℃;年降水量波动变化,增减幅度不大。伴随气候变暖,极端气候事件增多,干旱、冰雹、暴雨、霜冻等气象灾害频发,灾害造成粮食产量损失加大,社会、经济损失不断加重。

The climate change especially the change of extreme climatic events in Ningxia under the back- ground of global warming was studied in this article. The result shows： in recent 40 years, the annual mean temperature were increasing persistently with fluctuation in Ningxia, and the extent of temperature increasing was higher than the average of whole country, thereinto, the winter temperature increasing extent reached to 2.4 ℃ in the middle arid region and in the region north to Yinchuan; the annual precipitation changed with fluctuation, but the increase and decrease extent was not obvious. With the global warming, the extreme climatic events increased in Ningxia, and the meteorological disaster, such as drought, hail- storm, rainstorm, frost a＇nd so on, occurred frequently in Ningxia, which caused more and more damage to food supplies and social economy.