蜈蚣醇提取物和水提取物部分药理作用比较

Comparison on the Pharmacological Effect of Alcohol and Water Extracts of Centipede

目的比较鲜品少棘蜈蚣的醇提物及水提物在体外抑菌和抗惊厥两方面的作用。方法采用平板空穴扩散法,以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢、白色念珠球菌、黑曲霉菌5种常见菌为供试菌,对蜈蚣醇提物及水提物的抑菌活性进行研究;采用硝酸士的宁致痫模型,观察蜈蚣醇提物及水提物对小鼠抗惊率、死亡率及惊厥潜伏期的影响。结果蜈蚣醇提物水提物对各供试菌均有抑制作用,醇提物抑菌效果明显强于水提物。蜈蚣水提物能够明显提高抗惊率,降低死亡率,延长小鼠惊厥潜伏期,潜伏期达到(372±146.9)s,与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。蜈蚣醇提物没有明显抗惊厥作用。结论蜈蚣活性成分及作用效果与提取部位密切相关。

Objective To compare the pharmacological effects of alcohol and water extracts of fresh Centipede. Methods Five microbial strains including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis var. niger spore, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger were chosen to investigate the antibacterial activity of the two extracts by the method of stiletto. Anticonvulsive experiments were carried out to observe the effects of alcohol and water extracts of centipede on convulsive mice induced by strychnine nitrate. Anticonvulsant rate, mortality and the latent period of convulsion were measured respectively. Results Antibacterial activity was observed in both of alcohol and water extracts, the former performed better than the later. The water extract increased the anticonvulsant rate markedly, decreased mortality and prolonged the seizure latency of convulsive mice. The latent period of convulsion reached （372 ± 147）s, which had significant difference compared with control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. The alcohol extract of centipede did not have anticonvulsive effect. Conclusion Active components and pharmacological effect are relative to the extraction method.