甲状腺疾病构成比变化的探讨

Changes of constitutes of thyroid diseases

目的探讨甲状腺疾病构成比、变化及其影响因素。方法应用SAS统计软件，回顾性分析1987年1月1日～2006年12月31日，经手术治疗、有明确病理诊断的2030例济南及其周边地区的甲状腺疾病，统计各甲状腺疾病的总构成比，不同性别及年龄段的构成比，分析年龄、性别对构成比的影响。将全组分为1987年1月1日～1996年12月31日和1997年1月1日～2006年12月31日两组，作组间构成比变化的比较，同时分析年龄、性别对构成比变化的影响。结果各甲状腺疾病的构成比：结节性甲状腺肿44．93％，甲状腺腺瘤24．83％，甲状腺癌18．03％，甲状腺功能亢进4．98％，甲状腺炎3．54％，甲状腺囊肿3．60％，该构成与年龄、性别有关（P〈0．0001）。除甲状腺炎前后10年构成比无变化外，其他各病间均有明显变化（P〈0．0001）。这些变化大体上与年龄、性别无明显关系。结论甲状腺疾病构成比发生了变化，结节性甲状腺肿和甲状腺癌明显升高，甲状腺腺瘤明显下降，认识该变化及其影响因素有利于甲状腺疾病诊断和治疗。

Objective To investigate the related factors of changes of thyroid diseases and its constitutes. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 2030 cases of thyroid diseases from Jan. 1st 1987 to Dec. 31st 2006 from Jinan and its surrounding region. The ratios of all kinds of thyroid diseases in all, and in age and gender were respectively analyzed. Then the cases were divided into two groups ： the first ten years group and the last ten years group, and the ratios of each thyroid disease in between the two groups were compared and the effects of age and gender in the ratio were also analyzed. Results 44.93 of the thyroid diseases were plexus thyroid goiters, 24.83% were thyroid adenomas, 18.03% were thyroid tumors, 4.98% were hyperthyroidisms, 3.54% were thyroiditis, and 3.60% were thyroid cysts. There were close relation to age and gender （p 〈 0. 0001 ）. Except for thyroiditis, other thyroid diseases all had significant differences between the two groups but these differences had no close correlation with age and gender. Conclusion In the last twenty years, plexus thyroid goiter and thyroid tumor are both increased, while thyroid adenoma is significantly decreased.