肿瘤科医院感染的病原菌分布特点及干预对策

Pathogenic Distribution and Intervention Strategy of Nosocomial Infection in Tumor Department

目的探讨肿瘤科医院感染的病原菌分布特点和耐药性,以制定干预对策。方法采取前瞻性监测与回顾性调查相结合的方法,对肿瘤科198例医院感染病例进行统计分析。结果肿瘤科医院感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占68.2%;第2位为泌尿道,占16.7%;感染病原菌主要有铜绿假单胞菌(20.2%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(19.2%)、大肠埃希菌(16.2%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(10.6%)等,以上病原菌均为多药耐药菌;其中,产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)肠杆菌科细菌检出率为45.7%,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS)检出率为40.6%。结论肿瘤科医院感染病原菌的耐药性已十分严重,应采取综合性干预对策,降低医院感染率。

OBJECTIVE To approach the pathogenic distribution of nosocomial infection and drug-resistance in tumor department to formulate the intervention strategy. METHODS Prospective monitoring and retrospective investigation were performed to analyze the 198 cases of nosocomial infection in tumor department. RESULTS The lower respiratory tract infection was the main infection in tumor department, accounted for 68.2%. The urinary tract infection rated the second, accounted for 16.7 %. Pathogenic bacteria mainly included Pseudornonas aeruginosa （20.2%）, K lebsiella pneurnoniae （19.2%）, Escherichia coli （16.2%）, Staphylococcus aureus （10.6%）, etc. Above pathogenic bacteria were all multidrug-resistant. Detection rate of extended spectrum β-lactamases （ESBLs） producing Enterobacteriaceae strains was 45. 7%. Detection rate of meticillin-resistant staphylococci （MRS） was 40.6%. CONCLUSIONS The drug-resistance status of nosocomial infection is very serious in tumor department. Comprehensive intervention strategy should be adopted to decrease the infection rate.