非裔文学的戏仿与互文:小亨利·路易斯《表意的猴子》理论述评

Parody and Intertextuality in African American Literature:a Review of Henry Louis Gates,Jr.'s The Signifying Monkey

小亨利.路易斯.盖茨是最著名的当代美国黑人文学批评理论家之一,其专著《表意的猴子》是研究黑人文学的戏仿与互文不可或缺的文本。本文结合黑人作家伊什梅尔.里德的代表作《芒博琼博》,从"表意"的语言、"表意"的文本以及黑人文本间的"表意"与互文关系等对盖茨的理论进行梳理。本文认为,盖茨理论构建的偏颇之处,不在于其批评范式或政治性,而在于其对文本不确定性的过分强调。

Henry Louis Gates, Jr. has remained one of the most provocative voices in contemporary African American literary criticism ever since the publication of his The Signifying Monkey, an important text in the study of parody and inte＇rtextuality in that tradition. This survey of Gates＇ critical theory starts from the notion of ＂signifying＂ language to ＂signifying texts＂ and to Gates＇ mapping of parodying and intertextual relations with African American literary tradition. It argues that the ＂fallacy＂ in Gates＇ critical construction lies not in its critical paradigm, nor in its lack of political commitment, but in an over-fore- grounding of the play of signifiers and textual indeterminacy.