浙江省温州市鹿城区中学生艾滋病认知水平及性行为调查分析

Survey on awareness of AIDS-related knowledge and sexual behaviors among middle school students in Lucheng district,Wenzhou city,Zhejiang province

目的了解中学生对艾滋病知识的掌握程度,以便更好地对中学生开展艾滋病及性行为知识健康教育活动提供依据。方法采取整群随机抽样的方法,2007年4月对温州市鹿城区的8所中学4个年级的学生进行艾滋病知识及性行为匿名问卷调查。结果调查的465名中学生艾滋病基本知识总体知晓率为74.93%,男生(71.61%)低于女生(78.32%)(P<0.01),高中生回答正确率高于初中生(P<0.01);对艾滋病传播途径与非传播途径知识的了解随年级的升高而增高,各年级学生对传播途径认知正确率显著高于非传播途径(P<0.01)。1.72%的学生回答有性生活史,6.25%的学生曾与一个人发生过性关系,12.50%的人与2个人发生过性关系,最近一次发生性行为没有使用安全套的占12.50%,曾经怀孕或使对方怀孕的占12.50%。结论目前中学生对艾滋病知识的认识有一定的水平,但艾滋病知识掌握不全面,还存在认识误区,性知识缺乏。学校应继续加强艾滋病防治知识的健康教育,尤其是艾滋病非传播途径及性行为知识方面的健康教育。

Objective The study was conducted to investigate the AIDS-related knowledge among middle school students and to provide evidence for the development of effective health education on AIDS and sexual activity. Methods An anonymous questionnaire-based survey was performed in a cluster-randomized sample of students from four grades of eight secondary schools in Lucheng District in April, 2007. Results A total of 465 middle school students were surveyed, the overall awareness rate of AIDS being 74.93%. The rate in men （71.61%） was lower than that in women （78.32%, P〈0.01）. The correctness rate was higher among senior students than junior ones （P〈0.01）. Students of higher grades showed higher awareness rates of HIV/AIDS transmission route, which were significantly higher than those of non-transmission routes （P〈0.01）. 1.72% of the students had sexual activities, and 6.25% of them had one partner while 12.50% of them had two. 12.50% of them did not use condoms in the last sexual intercourse; 12.50% of them had made or got pregnant. Conclusion The awareness of AIDS among middle school students suggests insufficient knowledge of AIDS, in particular, misunderstanding in sexual knowledge, in this group. Therefore, further health education on the prevention and control of AIDS, especially the non-transmission routes of AIDS and sexual behaviors, should be strengthened.