山西省弓形虫人群感染特征分析

Analysis on the population characteristics of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Shanxi province

目的了解山西省现阶段接触组和对照组弓形虫感染的流行状况,为制订弓形虫防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法选择全省10个市作为研究现场,研究对象包括接触组(暴露于某种弓形虫感染相关因素,共有9类)和对照组(与接触组在同一地区居住、数量相等)。对研究对象进行现场问卷调查,采血检测弓形虫IgG抗体。用EpiData2.3软件录入数据,用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果研究人群弓形虫抗体总阳性率为12.69%。接触组(去除孕妇)阳性率为16.37%,高于对照组。各类接触组中以动物饲养员、免疫功能低下患者、兽医、肉品加工厂屠宰工人感染率较高。孕妇感染率较低。分布特征接触组以阳泉市感染率(25.69%)最高,对照组以长治市(22.92%)、运城市(20.95%)较高。接触组的其他分布特征:性别分布以男性(14.93%)高于女性(10.97%),年龄分布的总体趋势为随着年龄的增高感染率也渐次增高,职业分布以离退休人员(27.27%)最高,农民(15.60%)次之,学生(3.45%)最低。结论山西省接触组和对照组弓形虫总感染率在全国处于较高水平。接触组(除去孕妇)高于对照组。接触组中以与动物接触较多的职业人群及免疫功能低下患者的感染率较高。接触组弓形虫感染率在不同性别、年龄、职业等方面存在差别。不同地区人群的感染率差别较大。

Objective The study was conducted to investigate the current status of human Toxoplasma gondii infection in special and general populations in Shanxi province, so as to provide the scientific basis for the policy making of toxoplasmosis control and prevention. Methods Ten cities in Shanxi province were selected as the investigation spots. The study subjects were divided into special group （the people exposed to 9 Toxoplasma gondii infection factors） and general group （the people living in the same area and with the same number）, and the questionnaire survey was conducted among them at the investigation spots. The blood samples were taken from them to detect Toxoplasma gondii antibody IgG. The data were entered by Epi Data 2.3 and analyzed by SPSS 13.0. Results The total positive rate of Toxoplasma gondii antibody was 12.69%. The positive rate of special group （excluding pregnant women） was 16.37%, which was obviously higher than that of general group. The positive rates among animal keepers, immunodeficiency patients, veterinarians, butchers in special group were relatively higher. The positive rate in pregnant women was lower. Toxoplasma gondii infection rate in Yangquan city （25.69%） was the highest in special group, and the infection rates in Changzhi city （22.92%）,Yuncheng city （20.95%） ranked top two places in general group. The male infection rate （14.93%） was higher than female one （10.97%） in special group. The infection rate increased with the increase of age. Among special group, the infection rate of retirees （27.27%） was the highest, followed by that of farmers （15.60%）; the infection rate among students （3.45%） was the lowest. Conclusion The overall infection rate of Toxoplasma gondii in Shanxi province was higher than the national average level. The positive rate among special population （excluding pregnant women） was higher than that of general population. The infection rates among the people with occupational contact with animals and the immunodeficiency patients were much higher than that among other special populations. The infection rates among special populations were different by gender, age and occupation. The human infection rates varied by regions.