一起细菌性痢疾疫情的流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological analysis of an outbreak of bacillary dysentery

目的查清疫情的流行病学特征及传播途径,以便及早扑灭疫情。方法采用流行病学方法进行现场调查,对病例采样及进行细菌分离培养。结果疫情历时32d,发生病例121例,罹患率为3.66%。在发生首例病例后10d发病达到高峰,此前发病呈多个波峰逐渐增高的趋势,每个波峰间相隔约1～3d。15岁以下的病例占总病例数的47.93%。病例集中分布,有家庭聚集性。有15份病例粪便标本及1份蝇类标本检出福氏志贺菌2a。结论证实此为一起由福氏志贺菌2a引起、经日常生活接触传播的暴发疫情。

Objective This analysis was made to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and the transmission routes of the bacillary dysentery outbreak in order to control the epidemic. Methods Field epidemiological investigation was conducted to collect samples and culture the isolates. Results During the 32-days outbreak, a total of 121 cases occurred with the attack rate of 3.66%. With several sub-peaks of incidence at the interval of 1-3 days, the incidence peaked at lOth day after the first case. Cases below 15 years of age accounted for 47.93% of the total case. Family clustering was found. Shigella flexneri 2a was detected from 15 stool samples and 1 fly sample. Conclusion The outbreak was confirmed to be caused by Shigella flexneri 2a and transmitted through casual contact.