非均匀饱和大气中的广义位温

Generalized potential temperature in non-uniformly saturated atmosphere

从热力学第一定律出发证明了广义位温的物理基础及其守恒性,完善了Gao等在2004年提出的非均匀饱和大气动力学的理论基础.探讨了广义湿位涡理论及其倾向方程在地面气旋追踪、雾区预报等方面的可应用性,为湿空气动力学的理论研究和业务应用提供了新思路.结果表明,非均匀饱和大气中的广义位温和位温、相当位温一样,具有守恒性;但由于其体现了实际大气的非均匀饱和特性,比位温、相当位温具有更广泛的应用前景.

This paper deduces the physical explanation and the conservation property of generalized potential temperature θ^＊ based on the First Law of Thermodynamics, in order to make clear of the physical basis of moist dynamics of non-uniformly saturated atmosphere. The results show that the generalized potential temperature has the same conservation property as potential temperature and equivalent potential temperature but represent the real non-uniformly saturated atmosphere better. As an application of θ^＊ , the generalized moist potential vorticity and its tendency equation has been tested theoretically on new applications.