天津市北塘排污河不同水期的水质状况评价

Water Quality Assessment in Different Water Periods of Beitang Drainage River in Tianjin

以天津市北塘排污河为研究对象,检测分析了丰水期、平水期、枯水期的14个水质指标,采用改进的主成分分析法和内梅罗环境质量指数法分别对北塘排污河三个水期的水质状况进行了评价。运用改进的主成分分析法找出了主要污染断面和主要污染物,同时对影响水质的因素进行了初步探讨。运用内梅罗指数法验证了改进的主成分分析法的结论,并得出了三个水期的相对污染程度。结果表明,在丰水期和平水期,华明桥断面污染最为严重;在枯水期,赤贯桥断面污染最为严重。丰水期的主要污染物为镍、COD、锰、锌、铜;平水期为锌、COD、锰、浊度、铜;枯水期为锰、锌、铜、COD。北塘排污河污染状况普遍表现为枯水期>丰水期>平水期。

Taking the Beitang Drainage River in Tianjin as study object, the water samples were analyzed for fourteen various physicochemical characters during wet season, normal season and dry season. The water quality of the Beitang Drainage River during these seasons was evaluated by the improved principal component analysis method and Nemerow index method. The main pollutants and the most polluted areas were found, and the influencing factors of water quality were studied by the improved principal component analysis method. The conclusion drawn by the improved principal component analysis method was verified by Nemerow index method, and the pollution degrees during three seasons were obtained. The results show that the most heavily polluted area during wet season and normal season is around Huaming bridge, while during dry season is around Chiguan Dridge. The main pollutants during wet season are Ni, COD, Mn, Zn and Cu, while during normal season are Zn, COD, Mn, turbidity and Cu, and during dry season are Mn, Zn, Cu and COD. The pollution degree in the Beitang Drainage River shows the order as follow： dry season 〉 wet season 〉 normal season.