影响体育专业学生运动技能形成的路径分析

The Path Analysis on Different Variables on the Process of Motor Learning for Physical Education Major Students

从体育教学过程宏观层面上理解运动技能习得过程,试图重构运动技能形成的理论框架,并将影响运动技能形成的各因子转化为可操作性变量,运用AMOS数理统计软件,对开放性运动技能形成路径(以排球项目为实例)和混合性运动技能形成路径(以背越式跳高为实例)进行分析。路径分析表明,无论是开放性运动技能学习还是混合性运动技能学习的过程,原有身体素质越高,运动技能学习掌握的程度越高;学习策略运用在混合性运动技能学习过程中作用系数为0,没有作用力,可能与该运动技能项目的特点有关,单纯的机械重复运动,缺乏一定的策略性;在开放性运动技能学习过程中,学习策略的作用力仅次于原有身体素质,总作用效应为0.198。

In order to catch on the process of motor learning, this paper reconstructed the theory model of motor learning on the view of physical education teaching theories, transformed factors that affected possibly on motor learning to maneuverability variables, analyzed the form path of open motor learning （volleyball） and complex motor learning （back style high jump） with AMOS statistical software. The result demonstrates as follows：Physical fitness of physical education students is the key factor of directly affecting the sports skills learning. Path analysis demonstrates that no matter during the process of the exoteric sports skills learning or the commixing sports skills learning, the better physical fitness the students possess, the higher level of sports skills learning they can achieve. The learning tactic act nothing during the process of commixing sports skills learning, which may related to the character of that sports skills item. The simplex mechanical repeating sports lack some tactic. However during the process of exoteric sports skills learning, the study tactic＇ s influence is merely inferior to the essential physical fitness,with its total acting coefficient up to 0. 198.