披碱草与野大麦的属间杂交及F_1代细胞学分析

Intergeneric Hybridization and its Cytological Analysis of Elymus dahuricus and Hordeum brevisubulatum

本研究用披碱草与野大麦进行远缘杂交，正反交均获得杂交种子及F1代植株。杂种F1在芒长和林高方面介于双亲之间，而穗形外观类似于野大麦。杂种F1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I染色体配对构型频率为：7．94Ⅰ、10．95Ⅱ、1．52Ⅲ、0．15Ⅳ。后期Ⅰ、Ⅱ普遍含有落后染色体、染色体桥、染色体不均等不同步分离现象。四分体普遍含有数目不等的微核。杂种F1代不育。从杂种表现方面分析，F1代分蘖增多，生长期延长，叶量丰富，具有明显的育种潜力。

In this study, the reciprocal hybrids and F1 plants of Elymus dahuricus Turcz and Hordeum brevisubulatum (Trin) Link have been obtained. The awn length and plant height of F1 hybridswere intermediate between those of the parents, but shape of spikes is same as the Hordeum brevisubula-tum. The chromosome pairing at metaphase I of F1 hybrids is 7.94 I、 10.95 II 、1.52 III、0.15 IV.Anaphase I and II commonly contained lagging chromosomes , bridgefragments, unequal disjunctions and nonsynchronized disjunctions. The hybrids were totally sterle. Through observation we found the number of tiller of F1 hybrids was increased, growing period was prolonged and the leaves was more abundant than their parents. It's breeding potential is considerable.