康德实践理性的事实概念及其对自由的证明

Kant's Conception of Fact in Practical Reason and its Demonstration of Freedom

康德实践理性的事实概念指的是道德律或道德律的意识,而道德律本身实际上是道德律的意识。道德律是某种自身肯定的东西,它作为事实肯定了纯粹实践理性的客观实在性,并通过理性的这一积极的概念,证明了它自身在实践上的客观实在性。正是通过道德律这一事实,在思辨哲学那里只具有消极性的自由的原因性的概念,在实践哲学中获得了积极的规定,也成为了一个"事实"。

Kant＇s conception of fact in practical reason refers to the moral law or the consciousness of the moral law, while in fact the moral law itself is the very consciousness of the moral law. As something selfaffirmed, the moral law affirms the objective reality of pure practical reason, and, by the very positive conception of reason, demonstrates its objective reality in practice. It is exactly through the fact of the moral law that the conception of the free causality, which is nothing but negative in speculative philosophy, acquires its positive determination in practical philosophy and also becomes a ＂fact＂.