论挪用公款罪中的使用问题

On Using Issues in Crime of Misappropriating Public Funds

挪用公款罪是刑法理论和社会实践结合的产物,随着社会的不断发展进步,愈加呈现多样性和复杂性。挪用公款罪归个人使用固然是挪用公款罪客观方面的一个必要条件,但对于何谓"使用"公款及选择何种路径分析挪用公款罪中的"使用",理论界尚缺论证。法律是以语言为载体的,法律解释主要采用的是语言分析的方法,运用语言分析的方法对挪用公款罪中的"使用"一词进行阐释和剖析,既保证了刑法解释体系中文义解释的最高位阶地位,又能正确地探求法律意旨。"使用"作为挪用公款罪法律规范中的基本要素和细胞,应界定为"交换",既包括价值方面的交换,也包括符号方面的交换。用"交换"来表达挪用公款罪中的"使用",符合刑法规范科学性、合理性、谦抑性的要求,同时也使规范用语的边缘扩展变得明晰。

Crime of misappropriating public funds is the product of criminal theory and social practice, snowing its diversity and complexity with the progress of society. No doubt one of the necessary conditions of the crime is individual＇s use, but how to define the ＂use＂ and what methods to analyze it remain issues in theory circle. Law taken language as carriers, the paper mainly adopts linguistic analysis to explain and expound the word ＂use＂, thereby guarding the superior status of its meaning of item and probing correctly into its essence in law. The ＂use＂, explained as the cell of the crime in the paper, should be defined as ＂exchange＂, i.e. exchanging in value as well as in symbol. Expression of ＂exchange＂ in stead of ＂use＂, on one hand, accords with the scientific, rational, modest requirement of criminal criterion, on the other hand, makes it clear the denotation of normative language.