3Shannon, D. M. , and M. Boll. 1996. Assessment of preservice teachers using alternative assessment methods.[J].Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 10(2): 115-33.
4Vermette, P. (1994). Four Fatal Flaws: Avoiding the Common Mistakes of Novice Users of Cooperative Learning, The High School Journal--Feb/March.
5Hodge, B. (1981) Communication and Teachers, p. 9.
6陈燕.合作学习课堂教学中的应甩研究[J].杭州大学教育系1997年教育学硕士论文
7盛群力.个体优化教育的探索[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1996,136-137
8Johnson,D. W. ,Johnson,R. J. ,& Hulubec,E. J. (1990)Circles of Learning:cooperation in the classroom, p. 5.