中国农村居民点整理的区域方向

The Regional Directions of Land Consolidation in Rural Residential Areas in China

农村居民点整理是促进社会主义新农村建设的有效措施之一。我国农村居民点用地在整理潜力、用地比例、平均规模3个方面存在区域差异;构建分区评价指标体系,采用聚类分析与G IS方法,把全国分为5个整理区域,因地制宜提出区域整理方向。(1)潜力优势区,辽宁、吉林、黑龙江、内蒙古、新疆等结合区域农业比较优势开展农村居民点整理;(2)高比例区,北京、天津、上海、江苏以及河北、山东、河南、安徽等以提高用地集约度为主;(3)重点突破区,湖北、湖南、江西、广西、四川、重庆等"宜耕则耕、宜建则建;"(4)布局优化区,浙江、福建、广东、海南等以农村居民点整理布局的优化调整为主;(5)低值迁并区,山西、陕西、贵州、云南、甘肃、青海、宁夏、西藏等地以生态环境改善为主。

Chinese government has paid much more attention to the land consolidation in rural residential areas because of the arable land deficiency and political strategy of new socialist countryside. China is complex and large regional disparities in natural, economic and social conditions, it is necessary to analysis of the direction of land consolidation indifferent regions. Based on potentiality, rate and average scale of rural residential land, this paper analyzes the regional characteristics of rural residential land, and puts forward the index system to evaluate its regional differences accessorial with the nature, economy and sociality elements. The methods of system clustering and indexes synthesis with GIS were employed. According to the calculation results, five sub-zones of rural residential land consolidation were divided： （ 1 ） the greatest potential region are Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang, the consolidation direction is considered in conjunction with the regional agricultural comparative advantage; （2） the largest land use proportion region are Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, the main direction is to improve intensive degree; （3） Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing is the largest potential region of the South, ＂arable land to farming, advised building is built＂ ;（4） Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan have a reasonable total, but scattered layout should be optimized through land consolidation ;（5） Shanxi, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Tibet, all targets were low. Improving the ecological environment as the main direction is very important.